Dutch
consortia Energiesprong could give zero carbon retrofits to social homes across
England, using innovative wrap-around insulated panels, if EU funding is
approved
The Guardian, Arthur Neslen, Friday 10 October 2014
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| Dutch energiesprong (‘Energy Leap’) pilot project in Tilburg in the Netherlands. Photograph: Rogier Bos/Energiesprong |
More than
100,000 homes across the UK could be given a carbon-neutral retrofit by 2020 if
the EU approves funding for a ground-breaking green social housing project this
month.
The first
pilot projects are due to start within a year on council estates and housing
association properties in London, Birmingham and southern England and are set
to save 1,950GWh of energy.
The
Energiesprong (Energy Leap) initiative involves completely wrapping houses with
insulated panel-facades that snap on like Lego. Insulated roofs adorned with 24
high-efficiency solar panels each are fastened on top, while heat pumps, hot
water storage tanks and ventilation units are stored in garden sheds.
On the
Woonwaard housing estate near Amsterdam, tenants whose homes have already
received the upgrade say that the final effect is like living inside a ‘tea
cosy’.
“This new
house is great,” former social worker Astrid Andre, 58,told the Guardian. “You
can’t hear the traffic from outside anymore. It feels as if I’m living in a
private home, rather than social housing. Before, the wind used to go through
the house in winter. I have arthritis and when the weather was colder, it
became worse. But my bones are better now, more supple.”
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| Former social worker Astrid Andre, who lives near Amsterdam, says that both noise and draft levels have improved since the retrofit. Photograph: Arthur Neslen for The Guardian |
The
programme has already won a contract from the Dutch government to provide a
wave of 10-day makeovers to 111,000 homes on estates mostly built in the 1960s
and 70s. It is now bidding for €10m (£7.8m) from the EU’s Horizon 2020 money
pot to extend the project to the UK and France.
Partners in
the bid to bring the Dutch Energiesprongdevelopment team to the UK include the
Greater London Authority (GLA), the Department of Energy and Climate Change
(Decc), The Housing Finance Corporation (THFC) and the National Federation of
Housing Associations (NFHA).
“The
Netherlands has a head start but the basic logic is the same,” said Jasper van
den Munckhof, Energiesprong’s director. “If you have political will, government
support, and a housing association sector that can put up a strong volume for
conceptual development, then there is a profitable case for builders to step
in.”
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| Materials used for wall isolation in renovated houses by Dutch Energiesprong in Arnhem. Photograph: Frank Hanswijk/Energiesprong |
The
deceptively simple idea behind the initiative has been to finance the roughly
300,000 mass-produced renovations from the estimated €6bn of savings from
energy bills that they will make each year.
In the
Netherlands, upfront capital comes from the WSW social bank, which has provided
€6bn to underwrite government-backed 40-year loans to housing associations.
These then charge tenants the same amount they had previously paid for rent and
energy bills together, until the debt is repaid.
The
prefabricated refurbishments come with a 40-year builders’ guarantee that
covers the entire loan period, and a 5.25% return is guaranteed to
participating housing associations.
But the
renovations can only be done if all tenants in a block agree to it, and that
spurred the invention of an unlikely environmental incentive: free bathrooms,
fridges and Ikea kitchens, with electric cooking.
“Everyone
has been talking about it since last December,” said Bianca Lakeman, a
32-year-old office worker and single mother on the Woonwaard estate. “They’re
saying how the front facade is very modern but most of all they are talking
about the beautiful Ikea kitchens.”
Tenants can
choose the kitchen’s colour and design and, because the construction companies
are contracted to provide maintenance for the next four decades, the new
installations work out cheaper than the anticipated costs of servicing mid-20th
century kitchens into the mid-21st century.
“When we
started, there was a period where not everybody was keen,” said Marnette
Vroegop, a concept developer for the Woonwaard housing association. “The main
doubts were about whether it was realistic.”
 |
| Pierre Sponselee, director of Woonwaard housing association. Photograph: Arthur Neslen for The Guardian |
“There is
one block of six houses here and one person still says no,” Pierre Sponselee,
the association’s director said. “The man had lived here only for a year and
came from another house where he’d had a renovation and he didn’t want another
one. It is a pity for the rest of the neighbours.”
Minor
complaints from tenants about the refurbishments have included noise from
garden shed installations and increased awareness of internal house sounds, as
floorboards become proportionately louder when outside noises are muffled.
Bianca’s
block is due to be renovated this month in the latest construction round on the
estate that will see another 50 zero energy homes created. “I’m very excited
about it because it can keep my cost of living under control and reduce the
effects of climate change,” she said.
Around 40%
of Europe’s carbon dioxide emissions come from heating and lighting in
buildings and the EU has set a zero energy requirement for all new house builds
by 2021. But these only make up around 1% of the continent’s housing stock and
how to persuade the construction industry to renovate to new and untried
standards had been a vexed question.
With
support from the Dutch government, Energiesprong dangled the carrot of secured
long-term contracts for a market of up to 2.3m homes, and then asked a
depressed construction sector what solutions they could come up with.
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| Energiesprong renovated building in Groningen. Photograph: Rogier Bos/ Energiesprong |
The result
was the beginnings of a reindustrialisation of the Dutch building sector, with
construction companies taking 3D scans of houses to offer factory-produced
refurbishments tailored to each house’s dimensions.
“We have to
think like a manufacturer,” said Joost Nelis, the director of BAM, the
Netherlands’ biggest construction company. “We want to shrink the garden power
units like Apple did the iPad,” Nelis says.
The company
is also experimenting with apartment blocks run on DC electricity, which
increases solar panel efficiency by about 30%. Almost all buildings in the
Netherlands run on AC, but few tower blocks have room for enough solar panels
to generate electricity for more than five floors of homes.
While trade
unions have enthusiastically signed up to Energiesprong, energy companies that
use fossil fuels could lose out on the gathering transformation, according to
Nelis. Tenants in places such as Woonwaard can already sell their excess
electricity back to the grid and may one day be able to use electric cars to
power their homes.
Ambitious
though it is, Energiesprong says its programme of building renovations should
be seen as a means to a low-carbon transformation of the building sector,
rather than an end in itself.
Last week,
a similar deal was signed with the Netherlands biggest mortgage banks, real
estate surveyors and government, to take the project into the private sector
too.
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