The Jakarta Globe, Janeman Latul & Mita Valina Liem, March 26, 2009
Hammered by the falling rupiah, state-owned electricity company PT Perusahaan Listrik Negara, or PLN, lost a record Rp 13.1 trillion ($1.1 billion) in 2008, Said Didu, the secretary of the State Ministry for State-Owned Enterprises, said on Wednesday. The company had sales of Rp 83.8 trillion in 2008.
The billion-dollar stumble accounted for 90 percent of all losses by state-owned enterprises in 2008, Didu said. Twenty-three state-owned firms lost a total of about Rp 14 trillion last year.
PLN’s biggest-ever loss was driven largely by the weakened rupiah, Didu said, which caused expenses booked in dollars to skyrocket. The sharp drop in the rupiah’s value against the dollar accounted for about Rp 10 trillion of PLN’s losses, while the rest of the shortfall came from net operating losses, Didu said. The company, which supplies about 80 percent of Indonesia’s electricity, had planned on an exchange rate of Rp 9,300 per dollar but then it fell to nearly Rp 12,000 by the end of the year.
“PLN’s cash flow is good and its operating loss was down dramatically,” Didu said. “The exchange rate losses aren’t due to bad performance.”
Sofyan Djalil, the state-owned enterprises minister, called PLN’s losses understandable and “not due to mismanagement.”
Aside from PLN, PT Merpati Nusantara Airlines lost an estimated Rp 568 billion, while PT Kertas Kraft Aceh, a state-owned paper mill, lost Rp 150 billion, and PT Djakarta Lloyd, a shipping company, lost Rp 150 billion, Didu said.
In 2007, PLN booked net operating losses of Rp 5.6 trillion, nearly double that of 2006. The 2007 figure was also higher than the net operating loss in 2008, which is estimated at about Rp 3 trillion. Exchange rate losses in 2007, however, were just Rp 8.5 billion, according to PLN’s annual report.
Purbaya Yudi Sadewa, the head of Danareksa research, said PLN’s losses do not mean that the company performed poorly, since it has a public service obligation to provide affordable electricity.
“When we see PLN, we have to use different glasses because it has an obligation to serve people,” Purbaya said in a telephone interview. “The multiplier effect that PLN can produce for this country is much larger than the losses. We have to appreciate the economic growth that PLN supports before calculating the financial losses.”
Purbaya noted that PLN’s revenue is fixed and is in rupiah while its expenditures, including fossil fuel purchases, are paid for in dollars. The company also has to service its foreign debt, which is denominated in dollars, he said.
Purbaya urged PLN to tidy up its financial system and to diversify its fuel sources in order to minimize potential losses in the future.
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